Description
Therapeutic action
– Cycline antibacterial
Indications
– Cholera, louse-borne an tick-borne relapsing fevers, epi emic typhus an other rickettsioses, bubonic
plague, brucellosis (in combination with streptomycin), lymphogranuloma venereum
– Lymphatic filariasis, alternative to ivermectin in onchocerciasis
–Plasmodium falciparum malaria prophylaxis
– Alternative to first-line treatments of leptospirosis, treponematosis, atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae), cervicitis an urethritis ue to Chlamydia trachomatis (in combination with a treatment for gonorrhoea), onovanosis, syphilis, cutaneous anthrax (no severeform), animal bites (if antibiotic therapy is in icate)
Presentation
– 100 mg tablet
Dosage
– For relapsing fever, epidemic typhus, cholera
Children under 8 years: 4 mg/kg as a single dose
Children over 8 years: 100 mg as a single dose
Adult: 200 mg (300 mg in cholera) as a single dose
–Malaria prophylaxis
Children over 8 years (under 40 kg): 50 mg once daily
Children over 8 years (over 40 kg) an adult: 100 mg once daily
–Other indications
Children over 8 years: 100 mg (up to 200 mg in severe infections) once daily or in 2 ivi e oses
Adult: 200 mg once daily or in 2 ivi e oses
Duration
– Tick- borne relapsing fever, animal bites, leptospirosis, rickettsiosis, cervicitis and urethritis due to
- trachomatis: 7 days;
cutaneous anthrax: 7-10 ays; u onic plague: 10 ays;
atypical pneumonia10-14 ays;syphilis, Bejel, Pinta, lymphogranuloma: 14 ays;filariasis: minimum 4 weeks;
Brucellosis:6 weeks; donovanosis: until complete healing of lesions;
malaria prophylaxis
: start 24 hours before
eparture an continue 4 weeks after the return.
Contra-indications, adverse effects, precautions
– Do not a minister to patients with allergy to docyclines an to children under 8 years (may damage teeth)
except for single dose treatment.
– A minister with caution to patients with hepatic or renal impairment.
– May cause: gastrointestinal disturbances, allergic reactions, photosensitivity (protect expose skin from
sun exposure), oesophageal ulcerations (take tablets during meals with a glass of water in a upright
position an more than 1 hour before going to be ).
– Do not give simultaneously with ferrous salts, zinc, calcium, antiaci s (aluminium or magnesium
hy roxi e, etc.): a minister 2 hours apart.
– Monitor combination with hepatic enzyme in u’cers: rifampicin, rifabutin, nevirapine, ritonavir,
–phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, griseofulvin, etc. (re uction of the oxycycline efficacy).
Pregnancy: contra-indicated during the 2nd and 3rd trimester (except for single dose treatment)
–Breast-feeding
: avoid (risk of infant teeth discoloration)
Remarks
– Also comes in 50 mg tablets, an 25 mg/5 ml an 50 mg/5 ml oral solutions.
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